His execution resulted in the only period of republican rule in British history, during which military leader Oliver Cromwell ruled as Lord Protector of the Commonwealth. In 1649, the victorious Parliamentarians sentenced Charles I to death.At the centre of the conflict were disagreements about religion, and discontent over the king’s use of power and his economic policies. The causes of the wars were complex and many-layered.This was as great a loss, proportionally, as during the First World War. Up to 200,000 people lost their lives, or 4.5% of the population. The human cost of the wars was devastating.The wars were part of a wider conflict involving Wales, Scotland and Ireland, known as the Wars of the Three Kingdoms.The English Civil Wars comprised three wars, which were fought between Charles I and Parliament between 16.
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